The integrity, connectivity and resilience of all ecosystems are maintained, enhanced, or restored, substantially increasing the area of natural ecosystems by 2050; Human induced extinction of known threatened species is halted, and, by 2050, the extinction rate and risk of all species are reduced tenfold and the abundance of native wild species is increased to healthy and resilient levels; The genetic diversity within populations of wild and domesticated species, is maintained, safeguarding their adaptive potential.
Indicator | Metadata for indicator calculation | Global data available | Global data description | Frequency of update for global data | Resolution of global data | UNBL Mapview URL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A.1: Red List of Ecosystems | View | Red List of Ecosystems | The Red List of Ecosystems framework assesses the relative risk of ecosystem collapse of an ecosystem type. The indicator ‘Red List Index of Ecosystems (RLIe)’ measures the average risk of ecosystem collapse of a group of ecosystems and allows for tracking change over time, based on genuine change in the risk category of each ecosystem. The RLIe can be calculated for any set of ecosystem types for which there are Red List of Ecosystems assessments. It can thus be calculated at the country level or at the global level, or for broad ecosystem groups (such as forests). | 5 years | N/A 1 | Pending |
A.2: Extent of natural ecosystems | View | Methodology for calculating the indicator is under development by the AHTEG on Indicators. Current metadata suggests that these data may be suitable for indicator calculation. | ||||
IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology (GET) 2.0 |
Natural ecosystems are predominantly influenced by natural ecological processes characterized by a stable ecological state maintaining ecosystem integrity; ecosystem condition ranges within its natural variability. Examples (with reference to IUCN GET) are primary and old growth forests, natural grasslands and savannahs, natural rivers and wetlands. Natural ecosystems are defined based on the following IUCN GET biomes: Realms:
Managed/Anthropogenic ecosystems are predominantly influenced by human activities where a stable natural ecological state is unobtainable and future socio-economic interventions are required to maintain a new stable state. Examples (with reference to IUCN GET) are urban green spaces and croplands, artificial water bodies and anthropogenic marine systems. Managed/anthropogenic ecosystems are defined based on the based on the following IUCN GET biomes: Realms:
|
N/A |
30 arc-sec |
Pending | ||
A.3: Red List Index | View | Red List Index | The Red List Index measures change in aggregate extinction risk across groups of species. It is based on genuine changes in the number of species in each category of extinction risk on the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and is expressed as changes in an index ranging from 0 to 1. | 5 years | Country-level stats |
|
Biodiversity is sustainably used and managed and nature’s contributions to people, including ecosystem functions and services, are valued, maintained and enhanced, with those currently in decline being restored, supporting the achievement of sustainable development for the benefit of present and future generations by 2050.
Indicator | Metadata for indicator calculation | Global data available | Global data description | Frequency of update for global data | Resolution of global data | UNBL Mapview URL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B.1: Services provided by ecosystems | View | Red List of Ecosystems | Methodology for calculating the indicator is under development and review by the AHTEG on Indicators. Current metadata indicates that this indicator will rely on spatial data for its calculation. |
Adequate means of implementation, including financial resources, capacity-building, technical and scientific cooperation, and access to and transfer of technology to fully implement the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework are secured and equitably accessible to all Parties, especially developing country Parties, in particular the least developed countries and small island developing States, as well as countries with economies in transition, progressively closing the biodiversity finance gap of $700 billion per year, and aligning financial flows with the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework and the 2050 Vision for biodiversity.
Indicator | Metadata for indicator calculation | Global data available | Global data description | Frequency of update for global data | Resolution of global data | UNBL Mapview URL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
D.1: International public funding, including official development assistance (ODA) for conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and ecosystems | View | Total official development assistance for biodiversity, by donor countries | The indicator measures the gross disbursements of total Official Development Assistance (ODA) from all donors for biodiversity. Data are also available in constant prices for commitments undertaken by donors, which signal a signed agreement to fund a particular activity. The data includes information on capacity development type of activities (e.g. technical assistance, scholarships, etc). | Annual | Country-level stats |
Ensure that all areas are under participatory, integrated, and biodiversity inclusive spatial planning and/or effective management processes addressing land and sea use change, to bring the loss of areas of high biodiversity importance, including ecosystems of high ecological integrity, close to zero by 2030, while respecting the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities.
Indicator | Metadata for indicator calculation | Global data available | Global data description | Frequency of update for global data | Resolution of global data | UNBL Mapview URL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A.1: Red List of Ecosystems | View | Red List of Ecosystems |
The Red List of Ecosystems framework assesses the relative risk of ecosystem collapse of an ecosystem type. The indicator ‘Red List Index of Ecosystems (RLIe)’ measures the average risk of ecosystem collapse of a group of ecosystems and allows for tracking change over time, based on genuine change in the risk category of each ecosystem. The RLIe can be calculated for any set of ecosystem types for which there are Red List of Ecosystems assessments. It can thus be calculated at the country level or at the global level, or for broad ecosystem groups (such as forests) |
5 years | Unknown 2 | Pending |
A.2: Extent of natural ecosystems | View | Methodology for calculating the indicator is under development by the AHTEG on Indicators. Current metadata suggests that these data may be suitable for indicator calculation. | ||||
IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology (GET) 2.0 |
Natural ecosystems are predominantly influenced by natural ecological processes characterized by a stable ecological state maintaining ecosystem integrity; ecosystem condition ranges within its natural variability. Examples (with reference to IUCN GET) are primary and old growth forests, natural grasslands and savannahs, natural rivers and wetlands. Natural ecosystems are defined based on the following IUCN GET biomes: Realms:
Managed/Anthropogenic ecosystems are predominantly influenced by human activities where a stable natural ecological state is unobtainable and future socio-economic interventions are required to maintain a new stable state. Examples (with reference to IUCN GET) are urban green spaces and croplands, artificial water bodies and anthropogenic marine systems. Managed/anthropogenic ecosystems are defined based on the based on the following IUCN GET biomes: Realms:
|
N/A | 30 arc-sec | Pending | ||
1.1: Per cent of land and seas covered by biodiversity-inclusive spatial plans* | View | Methodology for calculating the indicator is under development by the AHTEG on Indicators. Current metadata suggests that these data may be suitable for indicator calculation. |
Ensure that by 2030 at least 30 per cent of areas of degraded terrestrial, inland water, and coastal and marine ecosystems are under effective restoration, in order to enhance biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services, ecological integrity and connectivity.
Indicator | Metadata for indicator calculation | Global data available | Global data description | Frequency of update for global data | Resolution of global data | UNBL Mapview URL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
2.2: Area under restoration | View | FERM (Framework for Ecosystem Restoration Monitoring) |
At the moment, there is no mechanism for collecting area-based information on ecosystem restoration. FAO and key partners from the Monitoring Task Force of the UN Decade on Ecosystem Restoration have defined a draft methodology for data collection, compilation, and reporting. The proposed workflow consists of four main elements: data compilation, country validation, reporting and capacity development. The primary platforms and reporting mechanisms for collecting information on restoration areas identified by the Working Group, include the Framework for Ecosystem Restoration Monitoring (FERM), and others. Restoration initiatives, led by public entities, private sector, civil society and individuals can share area based data and additional parameters for reporting area under restoration through any of the key identified platforms. FAO will compile data from the key platforms and harmonize the data through the FERM registry. |
N/A | N/A 1 | Pending |
IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology (GET) 2.0 |
Area under restoration by ecosystem describes the area where restoration is happening. It will be reported by ecosystem and by country. A global ecosystem dataset is used as default data to make the map overlay that covers aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. Available global ecosystem maps were evaluated and the outcome of the analysis found the most detailed and complete information is provided by the IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology 2.0 (Keith et al., 2022). The IUCN Global Ecosystem Typology 2.0 is the outcome of critical review and input by an extensive international network of ecosystem scientists, containing profiles for 25 biomes and 108 ecosystem functional groups (EFGs). Biomes will be used for disaggregation by ecosystems for reporting. Data type: tabular or spatially explicit. |
N/A | 30 arc-sec | Pending | ||
World Database on Protected Areas |
The primary platforms and reporting mechanisms for collecting information on restoration areas identified by the Working Group, include the World Database for Protected Areas (WDPA), Framework for Ecosystem Restoration Monitoring (FERM), etc. |
Monthly | N/A 1 |
Ensure and enable that by 2030 at least 30 per cent of terrestrial, inland water, and of coastal and marine areas, especially areas of particular importance for biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services, are effectively conserved and managed through ecologically representative, well-connected and equitably governed systems of protected areas and other effective area-based conservation measures, recognizing indigenous and traditional territories where applicable, and integrated into wider landscapes, seascapes and the ocean, while ensuring that any sustainable use, where appropriate in such areas, is fully consistent with conservation outcomes, recognizing and respecting the rights of indigenous peoples and local communities, including over their traditional territories.
Indicator | Metadata for indicator calculation | Global data available | Global data description | Frequency of update for global data | Resolution of global data | UNBL Mapview URL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
3.1: Coverage of protected areas and OECMs | View | World Database on Protected Areas | Coverage by ecosystem component: The indicator shows the total percentage coverage of terrestrial and marine areas by protected areas and OECMs at the global level. | Monthly | N/A 1 | |
World Database of Other Effective Area-Based Conservation Measures (WD-OECM) | Coverage by ecosystem component: The indicator shows the total percentage coverage of terrestrial and marine areas by protected areas and OECMs at the global level. | Monthly | Unknown 2 |
Ensure urgent management actions to halt human induced extinction of known threatened species and for the recovery and conservation of species, in particular threatened species, to significantly reduce extinction risk, as well as to maintain and restore the genetic diversity within and between populations of native, wild and domesticated species to maintain their adaptive potential, including through in situ and ex situ conservation and sustainable management practices, and effectively manage human-wildlife interactions to minimize human-wildlife conflict for coexistence.
Indicator | Metadata for indicator calculation | Global data available | Global data description | Frequency of update for global data | Resolution of global data | UNBL Mapview URL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
A.3: Green Status of Species Index | View | Red List Index | The Red List Index measures change in aggregate extinction risk across groups of species. It is based on genuine changes in the number of species in each category of extinction risk on The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species and is expressed as changes in an index ranging from 0 to 1. | 5 Years | Country-level stats |
Ensure that the use, harvesting and trade of wild species is sustainable, safe and legal, preventing overexploitation, minimizing impacts on non-target species and ecosystems, and reducing the risk of pathogen spill-over, applying the ecosystem approach, while respecting and protecting customary sustainable use by indigenous peoples and local communities.
Indicator | Metadata for indicator calculation | Global data available | Global data description | Frequency of update for global data | Resolution of global data | UNBL Mapview URL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
5.1: Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels | View | Proportion of fish stocks within biologically sustainable levels |
Measures the sustainability of the world's marine capture fisheries by the abundance of the exploited fish stocks with respect to Maximum Sustainable Yield (MSY) levels. For each level of reporting (National, Regional, Global) the indicator is calculated as the ratio between the number of exploited fish stocks classified as "within biologically sustainable levels" and the total number of stocks in the Reference List that were classified with a determined status (within/not within |
Annual | Country-level stats |
Eliminate, minimize, reduce and or mitigate the impacts of invasive alien species on biodiversity and ecosystem services by identifying and managing pathways of the introduction of alien species, preventing the introduction and establishment of priority invasive alien species, reducing the rates of introduction and establishment of other known or potential invasive alien species by at least 50 per cent, by 2030, eradicating or controlling invasive alien species especially in priority sites, such as islands.
Indicator | Metadata for indicator calculation | Global data available | Global data description | Frequency of update for global data | Resolution of global data | UNBL Mapview URL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
6.1: Rate of invasive alien species establishment* | Not yet available | Methodology for calculating the indicator is under development by the AHTEG on Indicators. Current metadata indicates that this indicator will rely on spatial data for its calculation. |
Reduce pollution risks and the negative impact of pollution from all sources, by 2030, to levels that are not harmful to biodiversity and ecosystem functions and services, considering cumulative effects, including: reducing excess nutrients lost to the environment by at least half including through more efficient nutrient cycling and use; reducing the overall risk from pesticides and highly hazardous chemicals by at least half including through integrated pest management, based on science, taking into account food security and livelihoods; and also preventing, reducing, and working towards eliminating plastic pollution.
Indicator | Metadata for indicator calculation | Global data available | Global data description | Frequency of update for global data | Resolution of global data | UNBL Mapview URL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
7.1: Index of coastal eutrophication potential | View | Global Chlorophyll Statistics within territorial seas and EEZ |
The indicator aims to measure the contribution to coastal eutrophication from countries and the state of coastal eutrophication. Therefore, two levels of indicators are recommended: Level 1: Globally available data from earth observations and modeling Level 2: National data which will be collected from countries (through the relevant Regional Seas Programme, where applicable (i.e. for countries that are a member of a Regional Seas Programme). Here we make available data for Level 1. |
Unknown | Unknown 2 | |
Chlorophyll-a anomalies | Level 1: This sub-indicator evaluates the intra-annual changes in chlorophyll-a concentration anomalies in each Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) and territorial sea using the NOAA VIIRS chlorophyll-a ratio anomaly product produced daily for the globe at 2 km spatial resolution. The daily global VIIRS chlorophyll-a concentrations are produced from the NOAA Multi-Sensor Level 1 to Level 2 (MSL12) processing of the VIIRS sensor on the Suomi SNPP satellite. | Daily | 2 km | Pending | ||
Chlorophyll-a deviation | The indicator aims to measure the contribution to coastal eutrophication from countries and the state of coastal eutrophication. Therefore, two levels of indicators are recommended. This data is Level 1: Globally available data from earth observations and modeling. Chlorophyll-A deviation modeling. | Monthly | 4km | Pending | ||
Chlorophyll-a concentration in seawater | Level 1: The ESA Ocean Colour CCI (OC-CCI) project, led by the Plymouth Marine Laboratory (PML), has produced a consistent, merged chlorophyll-a product from SeaWiFS, MODIS, MERIS and VIIRS. For this indicator, Chlorophyll-a will be derived from the OC-CCI project and generated for each individual pixel within a country’s territorial sea and EEZ. | Monthly | 4 km |
|
||
7.2 Pesticide environment concentration* | View | Risk of pesticide pollution at the global scale |
The indicator is defined as the annual agricultural use of total pesticides in active ingredients for various categories of pesticides. This map shows the exposure of agricultural land to pesticide pollution. Value range is from 0 (lowest exposure) to 6.1 (highest exposure). Pixel values for non-agricultural land (-1) and water (-2) have been excluded from visualization. |
Unknown | 5 arc-min |
Ensure that the management and use of wild species are sustainable, thereby providing social, economic and environmental benefits for people, especially those in vulnerable situations and those most dependent on biodiversity, including through sustainable biodiversity-based activities, products and services that enhance biodiversity, and protecting and encouraging customary sustainable use by indigenous peoples and local communities.
Indicator | Metadata for indicator calculation | Global data available | Global data description | Frequency of update for global data | Resolution of global data | UNBL Mapview URL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
9.1: Benefits from the sustainable use of wild species | View | Methodology for calculating the indicator is under development by the AHTEG on Indicators. Current metadata indicates that this indicator will rely on spatial data for its calculation. |
Ensure that areas under agriculture, aquaculture, fisheries and forestry are managed sustainably, in particular through the sustainable use of biodiversity, including through a substantial increase of the application of biodiversity friendly practices, such as sustainable intensification, agroecological and other innovative approaches contributing to the resilience and long-term efficiency and productivity of these production systems and to food security, conserving and restoring biodiversity and maintaining nature’s contributions to people, including ecosystem functions and services.
Indicator | Metadata for indicator calculation | Global data available | Global data description | Frequency of update for global data | Resolution of global data | UNBL Mapview URL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
10.1: Proportion of agricultural area under productive and sustainable agriculture | View | Proportion of agricultural area under productive and sustainable agriculture |
The indicator is defined by the formula: Area under productive and sustainable agriculture/Agricultural land area. This implies the need to measure both the extent of land under productive and sustainable agriculture (the numerator), as well as the extent of agriculture land area (the denominator). The numerator captures the three dimensions of sustainable production: environmental, economic and social. It corresponds to the agricultural land area of the farms that satisfy the sustainability criteria of the 11 sub-indicators selected across all three dimensions. The denominator in turn is the sum of agricultural land area (as defined by FAO) utilized by agricultural holdings that are owned (excluding rented-out), rented-in, leased, sharecropped or borrowed. State or communal land used by farm holdings is not included. |
Annual | Country-level stats | |
10.2: Progress towards sustainable forest management | View | Proportion of forest with a long-term management plan |
Sustainable forest management (SFM) has been formally defined, by the UN General Assembly, as follows: dynamic and evolving concept that aims to maintain and enhance the economic, social and environmental values of all types of forests, for the benefit of present and future generations (Resolution A/RES/62/98) The indicator is composed of two sub-indicators that measure progress towards several dimensions of sustainable forest management. |
Annual | Country-level stats | |
Forest area under an independently verified forest management certification scheme |
Sustainable forest management (SFM) has been formally defined, by the UN General Assembly, as follows: dynamic and evolving concept that aims to maintain and enhance the economic, social and environmental values of all types of forests, for the benefit of present and future generations (Resolution A/RES/62/98) The indicator is composed of two sub-indicators that measure progress towards several dimensions of sustainable forest management. |
Annual | N/A 1 |
Restore, maintain and enhance nature’s contributions to people, including ecosystem functions and services, such as regulation of air, water, and climate, soil health, pollination and reduction of disease risk, as well as protection from natural hazards and disasters, through nature-based solutions and/or ecosystem-based approaches for the benefit of all people and nature.
Indicator | Metadata for indicator calculation | Global data available | Global data description | Frequency of update for global data | Resolution of global data | UNBL Mapview URL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
B.1: Services provided by ecosystems* | View | Methodology for calculating the indicator is under development by the AHTEG on Indicators. Current metadata indicates that this indicator will rely on spatial data for its calculation. |
Significantly increase the area and quality and connectivity of, access to, and benefits from green and blue spaces in urban and densely populated areas sustainably, by mainstreaming the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity, and ensure biodiversity-inclusive urban planning, enhancing native biodiversity, ecological connectivity and integrity, and improving human health and well-being and connection to nature and contributing to inclusive and sustainable urbanization and the provision of ecosystem functions and services.
Indicator | Metadata for indicator calculation | Global data available | Global data description | Frequency of update for global data | Resolution of global data | UNBL Mapview URL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
12.1: Average share of the built-up area of cities that is green/blue space for public use for all | View | Average share of the built-up area of cities that is open space for public use for all, by sex, age and persons with disabilities | The following is the definition of the SDG 11.7.1 indicator and consequently there could be small variations in the definition for the “Average share of the built-up area of cities that is green/blue space for public use for all”. Indicator 11.7.1 has several interesting concepts that required global consultations and consensus. These include; built-up area, cities, open spaces for public use, etc. As a custodian agency, UN-Habitat has worked on these concepts along with several other partners. | Annual | Country-level stats |
Identify by 2025, and eliminate, phase out or reform incentives, including subsidies, harmful for biodiversity, in a proportionate, just, fair, effective and equitable way, while substantially and progressively reducing them by at least 500 billion United States dollars per year by 2030, starting with the most harmful incentives, and scale up positive incentives for the conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity.
Indicator | Metadata for indicator calculation | Global data available | Global data description | Frequency of update for global data | Resolution of global data | UNBL Mapview URL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
18.1: Positive incentives in place to promote biodiversity conservation and sustainable use | View | Policy Instruments for the Environment (PINE) | Definition of positive incentives for biodiversity conservation and sustainable use: Positive incentives, or incentive-based mechanisms or economic instruments are the set of policy instruments that are based on providing incentives for producers and consumers to behave in a more sustainable way. Economic instruments are fiscal and other economic incentives to incorporate environmental costs (and benefits) into production and consumption. The objective is to encourage environmentally sound and efficient production and consumption through full-cost pricing. In contrast to more traditional command-and-control approaches (e.g. restrictions on access or use, standards, etc), economic instruments can in theory meet a given environmental objective at a lower total economic cost. | Annual | Country-level stats |
Substantially and progressively increase the level of financial resources from all sources, in an effective, timely and easily accessible manner, including domestic, international, public and private resources, in accordance with Article 20 of the Convention, to implement national biodiversity strategies and action plans, by 2030 mobilizing at least 200 billion United States dollars per year.
Indicator | Metadata for indicator calculation | Global data available | Global data description | Frequency of update for global data | Resolution of global data | UNBL Mapview URL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
D.1: International public funding, including official development assistance (ODA) for conservation and sustainable use of biodiversity and ecosystems | View | Total official development assistance for biodiversity, by donor countries | The indicator measures the gross disbursements of total Official Development Assistance (ODA) from all donors for biodiversity. Data is also available in constant prices for commitments undertaken by donors, which signal a signed agreement to fund a particular activity. The data includes information on capacity development type of activities (e.g. technical assistance, scholarships, etc). | Annual | Country-level stats |
Ensure that the best available data, information and knowledge, are accessible to decision makers, practitioners and the public to guide effective and equitable governance, integrated and participatory management of biodiversity, and to strengthen communication, awareness-raising, education, monitoring, research and knowledge management and, also in this context, traditional knowledge, innovations, practices and technologies of indigenous peoples and local communities should only be accessed with their free, prior and informed consent[1], in accordance with national legislation.
Indicator | Metadata for indicator calculation | Global data available | Global data description | Frequency of update for global data | Resolution of global data | UNBL Mapview URL |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
21.1: Indicator on biodiversity information for the monitoring the Kunming-Montreal Global Biodiversity Framework | View | Methodology for calculating the indicator is under development by the AHTEG on Indicators. Current metadata indicates that this indicator will rely on spatial data for its calculation. |